Abstract

Flow chemistry, also known as continuous-flow processing, is transforming the landscape of organic synthesis and chemical manufacturing by enabling reactions to occur in a continuously flowing stream rather than in traditional batch setups. This method offers significant advantages including improved heat and mass transfer, enhanced safety, scalability, and process control. Flow chemistry has gained prominence in pharmaceutical development, fine chemicals production, and green chemistry initiatives. This article reviews the principles of flow chemistry, the design of microreactors and mesofluidic systems, and highlights key industrial applications, demonstrating how it enables precise, efficient, and sustainable chemical synthesis.