Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering

An Overview of Various Biomimetic Scaffolds: Challenges and Applications in Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Rashi Nigam and Babita Mahanta

In current year tissue damage, repair and regeneration has become a very serious clinical problem which
accounts for billions of health issues all over the world every year. Many tissue repair substitute and techniques
are now available although it is having many drawback; these disadvantages give a good reason for the continued
research for more acceptable tissue engineered substitutes. Research that are presently going on to improve the
design strategies to overcome the surgical outcomeinvolves the development of biopolymers and synthetic polymers
as primary scaffold or luminal fillers as secondary scaffold with the tailored mechanical, physical and chemical
properties. Biodegradable scaffolds for regenerated tissue is preferred since no foreign body will be left in the host
hence there is no need of second surgery so it involves less complications. The purpose of the review article is to
discuss about the various tissue engineering researches taking place around the globe, recent developments, and
different biomaterials used for it and applications of tissue engineering. The improvement and validation ofmodalities
which are capable of spontaneous regeneration would be valuable to properly grade injuries and rapidly identify
cases which require surgical intervention with less ambiguity. This review article focuses on different biomaterials
used for tissue regeneration or tissue restoration and their methods of fabricationas well as their application in bone,
nerve, cartilage, skin tissue engineering.