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Biased Estimates for 30-day Mortality Rates Post Myocardial Infarction-Impact of Inter-Hospital Transfers | OMICS International| Abstract
ISSN: 2161-1165

Epidemiology: Open Access
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  • Research Article   
  • Epidemiology (Sunnyvale) 2016, Vol 6(5): 271
  • DOI: 10.4172/2161-1165.1000271

Biased Estimates for 30-day Mortality Rates Post Myocardial Infarction-Impact of Inter-Hospital Transfers

Mona Izadnegahdar1,3, May K Lee2,3, Min Gao3, Melissa Pak3 and Karin H Humphries1,2,3*
1Division of Cardiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
2Providence Health Care Research Institute, St. Paul’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, , Canada
3BC Centre for Improved Cardiovascular Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, , Canada
*Corresponding Author : Karin H Humphries, Associate Professor, Medicine, UBC-Heart and Stroke Foundation, Women’s Cardiovascular Health, Providence Health Care Research Institute, 1081 Burrard Street Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada, Tel: 604-806-8994, Fax: 604-806-9678, Email: karin.humphries@ubc.ca

Received Date: Sep 19, 2016 / Accepted Date: Oct 21, 2016 / Published Date: Oct 28, 2016

Abstract

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients are frequently transferred to tertiary care facilities for advanced procedures. Exclusion of transferred patients can result in biased estimates, especially if the focus is on a population-based cohort. The potential magnitude of this bias remains unknown. We assessed the impact of excluding transferred patients on 30-day AMI mortality estimates, over a 10-year period. Methods: All AMI hospitalizations to acute care hospitals in British Columbia, from 2000 to 2009, were captured. Transfers were defined as a discharge from the index AMI hospitalization to another hospital. We compared transfer rates by sex, age and year using logistic regression models. Age- and sex-specific 30-day AMI mortality rates and the sex odds ratios (OR) were estimated, regardless of transfer status, and for the sub-cohort excluding transferred patients. Results: Of 63,310 AMI patients, 40.6% had at least one transfer out of the index AMI hospital. Men and younger patients were more likely to be transferred. Transfer rates increased over time in all age groups regardless of sex. Overall, when transfers were excluded, 30-day AMI mortality rates were overestimated (absolute difference of 5.5% in women and 6.7% in men). Furthermore, the 30-day mortality OR (women vs. men) was underestimated: transfer outs excluded (OR=1.25, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.31) vs. all patients included (OR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.42, 1.56). Conclusions: 30-day mortality may be overestimated in population-based analyses when transfers are excluded, while the sex difference is underestimated. The observed bias is strongly affected by the magnitude and time trends of transfer rates.

Keywords: Myocardial infarction; Bias; Inter-hospital transfers; Mortality

Citation: Izadnegahdar M, Lee MK, Gao M, Pak M, Humphries KH (2016) Biased Estimates for 30-day Mortality Rates Post Myocardial Infarction-Impact of Inter-Hospital Transfers. Epidemiology (Sunnyvale) 6:271. Doi: 10.4172/2161-1165.1000271

Copyright: © 2016 Humphries KH, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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