Javed I Kazi and Muhammed Mubarak
Background: There is little information in literature on renal allograft biopsy findings in renal allograft dysfunction in live related renal transplant recipients.
Material and Methods: A retrospective review of 1210 renal allograft biopsies from 575 renal transplant patients was carried out over a period of seven years from June 1997 till December 2004. The demographic, clinical, laboratory and biopsy findings were collected and analyzed.
Results: A total of 1210 graft biopsies were performed on 575 patients. The mean age of recipients and donors was 29.2±9.7 years, and 35.7±10.5 years, respectively. The males were predominant among recipients (76.7 vs. 23.3%), while among donors they only slightly outnumbered females (51.8 vs. 48.2%).
Regarding pathological lesions, acute rejection was seen in 292 (24%) cases, followed by acute tubular injury and cyclosporine A (CsA) toxicity, found in 281 (23.2%) and 134 (11%) cases respectively. Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) with variable degree of tubular atrophy was seen in 361 (29.8%) cases. Seventy nine cases (6.5%) of acute pyelonephritis were detected on graft biopsies. A number of rare lesions were also found, including 13 (1.07%) cases of recurrent/de novo renal disease, and 13 (1.07%) of polyoma virus infection. Five cases of CsA induced hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) were also noted.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the incidence of acute rejection is low in our patients as compared to cadaveric renal transplant recipients as reported in Western studies and CsA toxicity is more common. Recurrent/de novo renal disease is uncommon in our patients.
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