Journal of Textile Science & Engineering

Preparation and Characterization of Functionalized Chitosan Derivatives from Prawn Waste for Cellulose Fibre Modification to Enhance Textile Properties

Abstract

Ahmed F and Mondal MdIH*

The purpose of this research was to develop water soluble textile modifiers based on biopolymer having improved textile properties including tensile strength, moisture absorption, wash resistance, dye-ability and colour fastness properties. Two fibre reactive chitosan derivatives such as N-(2-hydroxy) propyl-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTAChC) and N-methylolacrylamide-N-(2-hydroxy) propyl-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (NMAHTAChC) were synthesized from chitosan through dispersion of chitosan with glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (GTMAC) in aqueous medium and dissolution of HTAChC in aqueous N-methylolacrylamide (NMA) solution in presence of NH4Cl and 4-methoxyphenol, respectively. The physicochemical properties of prepared derivatives were studied and the degree of quaternization (DQ) of HTAChC was 0.94, double bond content of the NMA-HTAChC was 0.926 mmol/g and moisture content of HTAChC and NMA-HTAChC were 22.06% and 18.78%, respectively. The FTIR spectra of HTAChC showed prominent peak at 1480 cm-1 (C-H bending), 1650 cm-1 (C=O group) and that of NMA-HTAChC showed the peaks at 1670 cm-1 (C=O stretch) and 1545 cm-1 (N–H bending) which confirms the synthesized derivatives. The prepared derivatives were further used for modification of cotton and jute fibres Graft yield percent of HTAChC and NMA-HTAChC on cellulose fibre surfaces were 10.69% and 14.74% for jute and 14.56% and 18.86% for cotton, respectively. Grafting was investigated by FTIR, SEM, TGA, DTA and DTG analyses. The surface of modified fibre was investigated by SEM and the surface was smoother than unmodified fibre. The modified fibre showed decreased thermal stability, improved moisture absorption, wash resistances and tensile strength compared to unmodified fibres. It was also observed that textile modifying properties of NMA-HTAChC is better than HTAChC due to higher fibre affinity of NMA-HTAChC to cellulose fibres. Dyeing of modified and unmodified cotton and jute fibres with reactive and direct dyes revealed that dye exhaustions were increased up to 10% due to modification.