Internal Medicine: Open Access
Open Access

Abstract

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Renal Impairment among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Attending Outpatient Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital

Jima B, Dejene G and Hailemariam T

Background: The global burden of chronic degenerative disease is increasing worldwide. Most developing countries have dual burden with infectious and non-infectious diseases. Kidney disease is a long term health condition and defined as the gradual loss of body, renal function and death over time. Renal abnormalities were quite prevalent in rheumatoid arthritis patients and there is a significant increase of renal derangement with duration of disease and severity of disease activity. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted. Blood sample was collected for assessment of urea and creatinine. Urine sample was also collected for protein and blood detection. Serum creatinine was analyzed by an automated biochemistry machine Mindray 200 BS. Urine protein and blood was detected by chemical test. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the data. Odds ratio with 95%CI was estimated to assess the predictors of renal impairment. Result: Out of 219 rheumatoid arthritis patients, 49 (22.4%) had renal impairment. Serum creatinine level in mg/dl of the patients were with mean and standard deviation (SD) of (1.67 ± 0.47 SD) with adjusted odd ratio (AOR) and (95%CI):14.07 (5.09, 38.91), Mean (± SD) age of the participants was 43.82 (± 14.03) years and about 75.3% were females. Protienuria 44 (20.1%) with AOR (95%CI):1.93 (1.68, 5.58) and Body Mass Index (BMI) above 25 with AOR (95%CI): 0.1 (0.02, 0.45) shows significant association with the prevalence of renal impairment. Conclusion: The study revealed that the prevalence of renal impairment in patients’ with rheumatoid arthritis is high. Screening for renal impairment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis will be very helpful to peak kidney disease at earlier stage.