Journal of Pharmacovigilance

Diversified MDR genes in bacterial plasmids and chromosomes inactivate hundred drugs with huge superbug spread in sea, river and rain water

10^th Pharmacovigilance Congress

September 20-21, 2017 Charlotte, USA

Asit Kumar Chakraborty

Vidyasagar University, India

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: J Pharmacovigil

Abstract:

WHO Advocates worldwide action plan promoting research on Phyto-Antibiotics, Gene Medicine and conventional Anti- Microbial to stop superbugs spread. WHO has also recommended controlled use of antibiotic in patients and bans use of excess antibiotics in agricultural land and food animal growth. This is due to fact that antibiotic concentration was increased in water and was promoting new mdr gene creation in bacteria and also was activating expression of deadly mdr gene like diversified Beta-lactamases. Our study indicated that >40% of sea, river and rain water bacteria were resistant to semi-synthetic antibiotics like ampicillin and amoxicillin. Plasmids carrying blaNDM1 and blaKPC genes are increasing and wonder drug imipenem is becoming useless in few cases and Mcr-1 gene in E. coli plasmids has made colistin drug useless. AacC1/A1 acetyl transferases and AphA4 phospho transferases including catB3, sul1/2 and strA/B genes were detected in most plasmids and certain MDR chromosome islands as in E. coli, S. aureus and A. baumannii. TetA/C, acrAB-TolC, mexAB/CD/EF-oprM, drug efflux genes were activated. RpoB,. pncA, ponA, penA, and rpsL mutations are involved in multi-resistance in TB and Gonorrhoea. GyrA/B or parC genes mutations and aac6�??- 1b-cr gene accumulation were the cause of widespread fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) drug resistance. mtrR, acrR, tetR and ampR types transcriptional regulators have also accumulated in superbug plasmids and are activated by antibiotics increasing superbug sepsis and death. It is thus G-20 Nations in Berlin (May 2017) united for active research on MDR bacteria to stop superbug horror. We found huge MDR bacteria in Ganga River water but Cassia fistula, Suregada multiflora etc. organic extracts could inhibit the growth of such MDR bacteria in vivo rat model.

Biography :

Asit Kumar Chakraborty has done his PhD from the Biochemistry Department of Calcutta University. He did his Post-doctoral work at University of California at Berkeley and went at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine as Visiting Scientist. Presently, he is Senior Research Officer and Associate Professor of Biochemistry at OIST, Vidyasagar University.