Clinical Microbiology: Open Access

Household level spatio-temporal analysis of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in Ethiopia

7^th Euro Global Summit on Clinical Microbiology and Mycotoxins

February 27-28, 2017 Amsterdam, Netherlands

Dinberu Seyoum

Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Clin Microbiol

Abstract:

Introduction: The global decline of malaria burden and goals for elimination led to increased interest in fine-scale epidemiology of malaria. Micro-geographic heterogeneity of malaria infection could have implications for designing targeted small-area interventions. Methods: Two-year longitudinal cohort study data were used to explore the spatial and spatio-temporal distribution of malaria episodes in 2040 children aged less than 10 years in 16 villages near the Gilgel-Gibe hydropower dam in Southwest Ethiopia. All the selected households (HHs) were geo-referenced and children were followed up through weekly house-to-house visits to identify febrile episodes of P. falciparum and P. vivax infections. After confirming the spatial dependence of malaria episodes with Ripley�??s K function, SatScanTM was used to identify purely spatial and space-time clusters (hotspots) of annual malaria incidence for two years follow-up. Results: In total, 685 P. falciparum episodes (in 492 HHs) and 385 P. vivax episodes (in 290 HHs) were identified, representing incidence rates of 14.6 (95% CI: 13.4-15.6) and 8.2 (95% CI: 7.3-9.1) per 1,000 child-months at risk, respectively. In year 1, the most likely (128 HH with 63 episodes, RR=2.1) and secondary (15 HH with 12 episodes, RR=5.31) clusters of P. vivax incidence were found respectively in southern and north-western villages; while in year 2, the most likely cluster was located only in north-western villages (85 HH with 16 episodes, RR=4.4). Instead, most likely spatial clusters of P. falciparum incidence were consistently located in villages south of the dam in both years: year 1 (167 HH with 81 episodes, RR=1.8) and year 2 (133 HH with 67 episodes, RR=2.2). Space-time clusters in southern villages for P. vivax were found in August-November in year 1 and between November and February in year 2; while for P. falciparum, they were found in September-November and October-November, in year 1 and year 2 respectively. Conclusion: Hotspots of P. falciparum incidence in children were more stable at geographical level and over time than those of P. vivax incidence during the study period.

Biography :

Email: dinberu.seyoum@gmail.com