Journal of Molecular Imaging & Dynamics
Open Access

Immune checkpoint blockade for solid tumours: Opportunities for imaging to contribute to precision medicine

4^th World Congress on Medical Imaging and Clinical Research

September 03-04, 2018 | London, UK

Ken Miles

University College London, UK

Keynote: J Mol Imaging Dynam

Abstract :

Overall tumour mutation burden within solid tumours may be predictive for clinical response to immune checkpoint blockade but can be difficult to assess within routine clinical practice. This presentation discusses the potential for an alternative imagebased approach to patient selection. Neoantigenic diversity associated with a high mutation burden results in tumour-associated inflammation. A potential imaging correlate for this process is provided by dual time point PET (DTP) with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). In comparison to tumour, inflammatory cells show reduced retention of FDG at later time points due to expression of glucose-6-phosphatatse. Low FDG retention on DTP has been shown to have prognostic significance for several tumour types and initial data indicates reduced FDG retention in metastatic lesions from tumour types known to exhibit high mutation rates. The evolutionary dynamics of malignancies with high mutation burdens typically results in the co-existence of genetically distinct sub-clones within the same tumour. Imaging methods such as CT texture analysis (CTTA) that quantify macroscopic tumour heterogeneity can potentially provide a correlate for this clonal development. In NSCLC (non small cell lung cancer), CTTA has been shown to be prognostic for a range of tumours and can demonstrate differences in heterogeneity between wild-type tumours and those exhibiting driver mutations known to be associated lower or greater mutation burden. Radiogenomic approaches that seek to identify imaging correlates for tumour mutation burden warrant further exploration as non-invasive and potentially cost-effective means to select patients for immune checkpoint blockade.

Biography :

Ken Miles is an Honorary Professor at the Institute of Nuclear Medicine at the University College London and Senior Medical Officer at the Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia. He is dual-trained in Radiology and Nuclear Medicine and has wide experience in Positron Emission Tomography, having been involved in the establishment of four PET centres worldwide. His research interests include the development and evaluation of advanced quatitative imaging techniques in oncology. He has authored or co-authored more than 130 peer-reviewed scientific publications and contributed to or edited 11 books in Radiology. He is a past Editor in Chief of the journal Cancer Imaging.

E-mail: kenneth.miles@ucl.ac.uk