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Definition:
An incompetent cervix, also called a cervical insufficiency, is a condition that occurs when weak cervical tissue causes or contributes to premature birth or the loss of an otherwise healthy pregnancy. An incompetent cervix begins to thin and widen without any pain or contractions. The amniotic fluid sac may bulge down into the opening of your cervix until it breaks. This can cause a miscarriage or premature delivery or your baby.
Symptoms:
Women with cervical insufficiency may be asymptomatic or may present with mild symptoms, such as pelvic pressure, premenstrual-like cramping or backache, and/or a change in the volume, color, or consistency of vaginal discharge. Volume may increase; color may change from clear, white, or light yellow to pink, tan, or spotting; and consistency may become thinner. These symptoms may begin between 14 and 20 weeks of gestation and may be present for several days or weeks before diagnosis of cervical insufficiency.
Treatment:
Rest in bed during the last several months of your pregnancy. Rest on your left side most of the time. This will help prevent premature labor or delivery. The following may also be needed: Medicines may be used to prevent or stop labor contractions, A pessary is a plastic or rubber device that is placed into your vagina to elevate and support the cervix, Surgery called cervical cerclage may be needed to tie the cervix closed.
Statistics
A report women with a history of abortion have a greater risk of fetal loss than women who had no previous abortions.