Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depressive Symptoms among Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Black Lion Specialized Hospital and Saint Paulo’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Cross Sectional Study

Bizuayeh Assefa, Bereket Duko, Getnet Ayano and Getnet Mihretie

Background: Depression is the second most debilitating and economically costly illness worldwide. It is the most common psychiatric illness in patients with chronic kidney. Untreated depression in this patient affects treatment and lead to poor prognosis of Chronic Kidney Disease. Cross sectional study was conducted to assess magnitude and factors associated depression among patients with chronic Kidney disease in Black Lion Specialized Hospital and St. Paulo’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on May – June, 2015. A total of 479 patients who had follow up at renal unit in both institutions were recruited to assess depression and its associated correlates. Depression was assessed through face to face interviews by trained psychiatry nurses using the nine item patient health questionnaires (PHQ9). Correlates for depression were assessed using a structured questionnaire and Oslo social support scale. Results: The magnitude of depression among patients with chronic renal disease was 29.4% (95% CI: 25.1, 33.8). When we adjusted for the effect of potential confounding variables, being female [AOR=2.79, 95% CI: 1.78, 4.37)], age ≥ 60 years [AOR=4.17, (95% CI: 2.03, 8.57)], being unmarried [AOR=1.79, (95% CI: 1.12, 2.85)], having no formal education [AOR=2.75, (95% CI: 1.54, 4.89)], Living alone [AOR=1.85, (95% CI: 1.16, 2.94)], co-morbid hypertension [AOR=2.49, (95% CI: 1.48, 4.20)], co-morbid diabetes mellitus (AOR=4.07, (95% CI: 2.45, 6.74)] and poor social support (AOR=1.81, (95% CI: 1.02, 3.19)] were more likely to have depression as compared to their counter parts. Conclusion: Magnitude of depression among CKD patients was high. Being female, age ≥ 60 years, co-morbid chronic illness (hypertension, diabetics), living alone and poor social support were significantly associated with depression. Developing guidelines and training of health workers who are working in renal unit is beneficial to screen and treat depression among patients with chronic renal diseases.