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Introduction
Fibrous dysplasia is an uncommon bone disorder characterized by an abnormal bone growth where normal bone is replaced with fibrous bone tissue. This can cause deformation and fracture of the bones. It is non-neoplastic tumor-like congenital process.
Cause
Fibrous dysplasia is linked to a gene mutation that affects the cells that produce bone. The medullary cavity of bones is filled with fibrous tissue, causing the expansion of the areas of bone involved. The bony trabeculae are abnormally thin and irregular in shape. The cause of this may be linked to transcription factor C-fos. The activity of C-fos increases, leading to over expression of the gene, and hence tumor formation.
Treatment
Usually, no treatment is required as the bone lesions usually do not progress beyond puberty. As for drugs, pain killer and supplements are given. In severe cases surgery is preferred.Fibrous Dysplasia Treatment. Surgery may be necessary for more problematic cases of fibrous dysplasia involving chronic pain, fractures, or deformity.
Statistics
Fibrous dysplasia is a rare disease with estimated prevalence between 1/1,00,000. This disease usually affects children and young adults.The radiologic archives of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) contain 501 cases of histologically proved and radiographically correlated fibrous dysplasia (of which 427 cases are monostotic and 74 cases are polyostotic).