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Acinetobacter is a gram negative coconobacillus which can lead to strains resistant to all commercially available antibiotics. The bacteria are commonly isolated from the hospital environment from an organism of questionable pathogenicity to an infectious agent of importance.
Acinetobacter infections are one of the causes of hospital-acquired pneumonia, blood infection, urinary tract infection, skin or wound infection and nosocomial meningitis. It complicates the dialysis and can cause catheter-associated bacteruria. The occurrence of Acinetobacter isolates in respiratory discharges in intubated patients may symbolize colonization. Caution must be exercised in defining whether the isolate is because of colonization or is truly causing infection.
Because multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter infection usually occurs in severely ill patients in the ICU, the associated crude mortality rate is high, ranging from 26% to 68%.
