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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, also known as acute lymphocytic leukemia or acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), is an acute form ofleukemia, or cancer of the white blood cells, characterized by the overproduction and accumulation of cancerous, immature white blood cells, known as lymphoblastsALL, lymphoblasts are overproduced in the bone marrow and continuously multiply, causing damage and death by inhibiting the production of normal cells (such as red and white blood cells and platelets) in the bone marrow and by spreading (infiltrating) to other organs. ALL is most common in childhood, with a peak incidence at 2–5 years of age and another peak in old age.
Typical symptoms
• Generalized weakness and fatigue, Anemia, Dizziness, Weight loss and/or loss of appetite, Excessive and unexplained bruising, Bone pain, joint pain (caused by the spread of "blast" cells to the surface of the bone or into the joint from the marrow cavity), Enlarged lymph nodes, liver and/or spleen, Petechiae, which are tiny red spots or lines in the skin due to low platelet levels.
Treatment and Medication
Chemotherapy, Remission induction, Consolidation, Maintenance therapy, Immunotherapy, Biological therapy, Radiation therapy.
Statistics
In the United States, the annual incidence of ALL is roughly 6,000 in ratio 3,000-3,500, or approximately 1 in 50,000. ALL is slightly more common in males than females. In the United States in 2010, incidence from birth to age 19 was 38.4 per 1,000,000 per year in boys and 30.2 per 1,000,000 per year in girls. Prevalence was 30,171, and observed survival was 90% (based on data from 2003-2009). ALL has a bimodal age distribution, having a high incidence in ages 2–5 and another peak in incidence above 50 years old.