Water chemistry is the science that deals with impact of water on other elements in the environment and how other elements in this environment affect the quality of water. Water chemistry plays an important role in the health, abundance and diversity of life that lives on earth. Excessive amounts of some constituents, such as nutrients, or the lack of others, such as dissolved oxygen, can result in degraded conditions and harms life. Water is called the "universal solvent" because it dissolves more substances than any other liquid. This means that wherever water goes, either through the ground or through our bodies, it takes along valuable chemicals, minerals, and nutrients. Water chemistry mainly deals with analysing composition of water, structure and bonding of water, molecular vibration of water, symmetry of water molecules, formation of hydrogen bonding in water, structure of ice, autoionization, leveling effect of water and acid-base characters, amphiprotic nature, reactivity of water towards alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; halogens; hydrides; methane; oxides; and oxygen ions and electrolysis of water.
The impact factor of journal provides quantitative assessment tool for grading, evaluating, sorting and comparing journals of similar kind. It reflects the average number of citations to recent articles published in science and social science journals in a particular year or period, and is frequently used as a proxy for the relative importance of a journal within its field. It is first devised by Eugene Garfield, the founder of the Institute for Scientific Information. The impact factor of a journal is evaluated by dividing the number of current year citations to the source items published in that journal during the previous two years.
Last date updated on April, 2024