Sample Protein concentration (µg/ml plasma) TT (sec) %TT
Control N®   17.10 ± 1.14  
Citrated plasma -- 18.30 ± 0.61 0
LSE1 12.393 28.37 ± 6.66 55.01 ± 3.59α
18.589 38.83 ± 7.5 112.20 ± 4.11α
21.688 53.03 ± 0.59 189.80 ± 3.24α
24.786 64.70 ± 1.36 253.55 ± 7.44α
Citrated plasma -- 17.43 ± 1.01 0
LSE2 11.969 26.50 ± 0.46 52.01 ± 2.65α
23.938 34.50 ± 1.21 97.90 ± 6.92α
29.9227 41.23 ± 2.01 136.55 ± 6.67α
35.907 47.17 ± 1.01 170.55 ± 3.33α
Citrated plasma -- 22.70 ± 0.13 0
LSE3 12.536 23.50 ± 0.50 3.52 ± 2.22
18.804 29.43 ± 0.79 29.66 ± 3.46β
25.072 36.97 ± 1.07 62.85 ± 4.73α
31.341 47.03 ± 1.62 107.20 ± 7.15α
Citrated plasma -- 17.1 ± 1.14 0
LSE4 24.164 22.43 ± 1.11 31.19 ± 6.49β
40.274 30.57 ± 1.58 78.75 ± 9.22α
48.329 35.17 ± 0.52 105.65 ± 3.04α
56.384 41.43 ± 0.79 142.30 ± 4.60α
LSE1: leech saliva extract collected from starved leeches in May
(sunny season).
LSE2: leech saliva extract collected from starved leeches starved in November (rainy season).
LSE3:
leech saliva extract collected from starved leeches in December
(rainy season).
LSE4:
leech saliva extract collected from starved leeches in January
(rainy season).
TT:
thrombin time determined using thrombin time assay in vitro. %
TT: the percentage increase in thrombin time. All results are expressed as the mean of triplicates ± SEM and analyzed by One-Way ANOVA using SPSS 18.0 software.
αρ<0.001 when compared with %TT of the citrated plasma (zero point).
βρ<0.05 when compared with %TT of the citrated plasma (zero point).
Table 1. The antithrombin activity of leech saliva extract from the medicinal Malaysian leech.
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