Reason for modification Overall Time period ≤  11 months Time period > 11 months
Drug Contraindication, IR (95% CI) 9.5 per 100py (6.5-13.9) 21 per 100py (12.6-34.8) 5.4 per 100py (3-9.8)
  TB treatment 18 13 5
  Pregnancy 9 2 7
Toxicity / Side-effects, IR (95% CI) 6.3 per 100py (5.2-7.7) 22.5 per 100py (16.2-31.4) 4.6 per 100py (3.7-5.9)
  Peripheral neuropathy 32 6 26
  Lipodystrophy / lipoatrophy 31 5 26
  Anaemia 10 9 1
  Hypersensitivity rash 9 4 5
  Hepatitis / raised transaminases 8 2 6
  CNS disturbances 5 3 2
  Lactic acidosis 3 0 3
  Vomiting 2 2 0
  Gynaecomastia 2 2 0
  Myalgia 2 1 1
  Darkening of nails 1 1 0
Treatment failure, IR (95% CI) 4.9 per 100py (1.2-19.5) 10.8 per 100py (1.5-7.7) 3.2 per 100py (0.4-22.4)
  Treatment failure 2 1 1
Other reasons, IR (95% CI) 16.7 per 100py (5.4-52) 53.5 per 100py (13.3-213.3) 7.1 per 100py (1-50.2)
  Drug shortage 2 2 0
  Pill load 1 0 1
Total, IR (95% CI) 0.9 per 100py (0.7–1) 4.8 per 1000py (3.7–6.3) 0.6 per 100py (4.6-7.0)
Total 137 53 84
TB–tuberculosis; IR – Incidence rate; 95% CI – 95% Confidence interval; py – person years. Total (n=137): Drug contraindication (n=27, 19.7%); Toxicity (n=105, 77%); Treatment failure (n=2, 1.5%) and other reasons (n=3, 2.2%).
Table 2: Reasons for antiretroviral treatment modification among the 782 patients initiating first-line antiretroviral therapy at the Mbabane Government Hospital in Swaziland between 01 March 2006 and 31 March 2008.
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