water exchange rate (WER) on feed and nutrient

Classification	FCR¹	PPV (%)²	PER³	Fat Gain (g)	Energy utilization (%)⁴
SD 5 15 25	** 2.3+0.1^c 2.9+0.1^b 4.3+0.5^a	** 14.0+0.7^a 10.3+0.6^b 6.3+1.1^c	** 0.8+0.1^a 0.7+0.1^b 0.4+ 0.1^c	* 0.5+0.1^a 0.4+0.1^b 0.3+ 0.1^c	** 12.3+ 0.6^a 9.2 + 0.5^b 5.7+ 1.0^c
WER 10% 20%	** 3.5+0.5^a 2.8+0.2^b	** 9.0+1.6^b 11.4+1.3^a	* 0.6+0.1^a 0.7+0.1^b	* 0.3+0.1^b 0.4+0.1^a	* 8.1+ 1.4^b 10.1+1.1^a
SD x WER	**4	*	*	*	**

Presented data are an average of three readings + S.E.
Means (+S.E.) in the same column having the same superscripts (capital) are not significantly different (P<0.05).
Significant level: N.S.=P>0.05, *=P≤0.05, ** P≤0.01.,
1 Feed conversion ratio (FCR),
2 Protein Productive Value (PPV %)=100×protein gained in shrimp body (gm)/ protein fed (gm).
3 Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER)=Gain in the shrimp weight (gm)/ protein fed (gm).
4 Energy Utilization (EU)=100×energy gained in shrimp / energy fed.

Table 4: Effect of stocking density (SD) and water exchange rate (WER) on feed and nutrient utilization efficiency of marine shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) post-larvae cultured in earthen grow-out ponds.

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