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| Figure 2: A schematic graph for neuron-guided release of exosomes from oligodendrocytes. Route 1: When a neuron is under stress conditions, the neuron releases glutamate. Route 2: Glutamate stimulates increases in the intracellular Ca2+ levels of oligodendrocytes via NMDA and AMPA receptors. Route 3: The stimulated oligodendrocytes release stored exosomes. Route 4: The released exosomes are internalized by the stressed neuron and probably by other unstressed neurons. Route 5: Presumably, the cargo of exosomes supports normal neuronal physiology and prevents damage of stressed neurons. |
