Rat Groups Group -1 (Normal saline treated rats) Group- 2 (Arthritic non - treated rats) Group-3 (Arthritic Resvertrol - leflunamide treated rats) Group-4 (Arthritic Resvertrol treated rats) Group-5 (Arthritic leflunamide treated rats) Parameters Serum CRP (mg/ml) 3.86±0.13 12.85±1.14 *<0.05 5.12±0.43 #<0.05 **>0.05 7.65±0.85 #<0.05 6.15±0.85 #<0.05 *#>0.05 Serum MDA (ng/ml) 22.2 ± 3.00 85.78 ± 5.20 *<0.01 40.5 ± 3.38 #<0.05 **<0.05 55.0 ± 2.82 #<0.05 50.0 ± 3.82 #<0.05 *#>0.05 Serum MMP-3 (pg/ml) 15.7 ± 3.00 55.30 ± 1.20 *<0.01 28.4 ± 3.90 #<0.05 **<0.05 39.0 ± 2.50 #<0.05 35.0 ± 3.70 #<0.05 *#> 0.05 SerumPGE2 (pg/ml) 12.5 ± 2.00 105.3 ± 4.20 *<0.01 35.5 ± 3.60 #<0.01 **<0.05 45.3 ± 3.30 #<0.01 41.2 ± 4.90 #<0.01 *#>0.05 Serum TNF-α (pg/ml) 0.010 ± 0.30 90.2 ± 4.80 *<0.001 40.15 ± 3.40 #<0.01 **<0.05 52.11 ± 4.17 #<0.05 45.33 ± 5.22 #<0.05 *#<0.05 SerumIL-6 (pg/ml) 27.5 ± 3.20 225.2 ± 2.20 *<0.001 95.2 ± 3.20 #<0.01 **<0.05 120.0 ± 4.10 #<0.01 110.0 ± 2.70 #<0.01 *#<0.05 p-value using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparison test as a post ANOVA test. *comparing results of group 2 with that of group 1. #comparing results of group 3, group 4 and group 5 with that of group 2. **comparing results of group 3 with those of group 4 and group 5. *#comparing results of group 5 with that of group 4.

Table 1: Laboratory analysis of serum levels of CRP, MDA, MMP-3, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6 in different rat groups of the study (Values expressed in mean ± SD).

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