| Study |
Participants |
Design |
Outcomes |
| Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
| Yuksel et al. [55] |
20 GDM women and
20 control women,
all planning to deliver via Caesarean Section.
No baseline difference in age or BMI between groups. |
Venous samples maternal serum obtained prior to delivery, umbilical cord blood collected after delivery. |
Lower mean maternal serum irisin in GDM.
No difference in cord blood irisin. |
| Kuzmicki et al. [53] |
130 GDM women and
140 normal glucose tolerance women, matched for age, gestational age and BMI. |
Venous samples maternal serum collected at time of OGTT, then at 10-12 wks postpartum, and at 3 months postpartum. |
Lower mean maternal serum irisin in GDM
Irisin drops to same baseline in all women 3 months post-partum |
| Aydin et al. [54] |
15 lactating GDM, 15 lactating control, 14 non-lactating women. |
Breast milk and maternal serum sampled on days 1, 7 and 15 of lactation.
|
Irisin increased significantly with maturation of the milk
Plasma and breast milk irisin levels were lower in GDM compared to healthy lactating and non lactating women |
| Ebert et al. [56] |
Study 1: 74 GDM patients and 74 healthy gestational age matched controls
Study 2: 40 healthy uncomplicated pregnancies |
1: Maternal serum sampled after an overnight fast at OGTT, then at follow up ~1576 days post partum
2: Fasting sample maternal serum prior to and then 24hr after delivery, umbilical cord blood and placental tissue samples. |
1: No significant difference between groups, however fasting insulin predicts irisin levels in GDM women
2: No significant changes in irisin 24hr post delivery.
Irisin is 53.3μg/g placental tissue protein. |
| Piya et al. [52] |
34 non-obese women, 39 obese women and 18 GDM women. |
Maternal serum and CSF samples taken prior to caesarean section.
Cord blood taken at time of delivery. |
No significant difference in irisin between groups
No alterations in umbilical cord irisin
Significantly higher CSF irisin in GDM women |
| Preeclampsia |
| Garces et al. [39] |
Study 1: 40 healthy women and 10 women who developed preeclampsia taken from a larger longditudinal cohort study
Study 2: 20 healthy menstruating women
Study 3: Placental tissue from 38 weeks gestation |
1: venous blood samples at various points through pregnancy
2: venous blood samples during follicular and luteal phase of menstrual cycle
3: Immunohistochemical staining performed |
1: Serum irisin increases by 16% from mid to late pregnancy in all groups
Serum irisin is 49% higher in third trimester in healthy compared to preeclamptic women
2: Serum irisin levels are 26% higher in the luteal phase of cycle.
3: FNDC5 stains to the cytoplasm of decidual, cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts. |
| Idiopathic IUGR |
| Caglar et al. [57] |
15 women with idiopathic IUGR at third trimester and 15 healthy controls |
Maternal blood collected prior to delivery and fetual umbilical cord blood collected with delivery |
No difference in maternal serum irisin level
Umbilical artery irisin levels higher in normal pregnancy and correlated with birth weight |
