N Sex Age (y) Spine Deformity MRI Orthopedic pathologies Other pathologies Treatment
1 M 17 Scoliosis and Kyphosis Tethered cord, Intervertebral fusion Joint contractures, hand anomalies (arachnodactyly), CHD, CVT, radio-ulnar synostosis Facial anomalies (hypertelorism, cleft palate,micrognathia, low-set malformed ears, pytosis),slight hearing loss Posterior spinal fusion, open reduction of hip and pelvic osteotomy,open reduction for CVT (naviculectomy),surgery for pytosis and hernia, releasing of stiff joint (ankle popliteal and hip contractures)
2 M 21 Kyphosis Syringomyelia, Intervertebral fusion Jointcontractures, multiple joint pterygium, hand anomalies (camptodactyly,arachnodactyly), CHD, foot deformities (PEV, CVT), radio-ulnar synostosis Facial anomalies (hypertelorism, cleft palate, micrognathia, low-set malformed ears, pytosis), slight hearing loss, inguinal hernia Bilateral open reduction of hip and pelvic osteotomy, open reduction for CVT and PEV, releasing of stiff joint (ankle popliteal and hip contractures), quadricepsplasty, inguinal hernia, surgery for pytosis and hernia
3 F 9 Scoliosis No Pathologies Joint contractures, hand anomalies, CHD, CVT, radio-ulnar synostosis Facial anomalies (hypertelorism, cleft palate, micrognathia, low-set malformed ears, pytosis) Bilateral open reduction of hip and pelvic osteotomy, releasing of stiff joint (ankle popliteal and hip contractures), Bilateral open reduction for CVT
PEV: Pes Equina Varus; CHD: Congenital Hip Dislocation; CVT: Congenital Vertical Talus; MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Table 1: Clinical and radiological characteristics of the 3 Escobar syndrome cases.
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