Physical relationship of hydrogen bonds with water Physical characteristics of the hydrogen bonds weakening Possible applications
Volatility Weakening the hydrogen bonds and increasing the volatility Consumption in industrial applications related to gas and liquid
Diffusion Weakening of the hydrogen bonds to enhance solubility Chemical, food and pharmaceutical industry
Solubility of solid particles Weakening the hydrogen bonds can increase solid solubility Applications in food & cooking in dye/textile industries, etc.
Temperature of crystallization Weakening the hydrogen bonds can alter freezing temperatures Application of freezing industry to save electricity
pH change of weak acid Hydrogen bond on the acid-base increases the strength, and cFIR enhances mild elevations in the acidity Chemical, food, biochemical and pharmaceutical industry
Table 2: Physical characteristics of the hydrogen bonds weakening.
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