Univariate Cox’s proportional hazards regression model..

Risk factor for renal impairment (unit)	Total number of Subjects=2115		No. subjects who dropped eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73m² (%)	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	P value
Sex	Female Male	273 1842	68 (24.9) 318 (17.3)	1.51 (1.16 to 1.96) 1	<0.001
Baseline age (years)	>48.19 42.48-48.19 36.75-42.49 <36.76	528 529 529 529	4 (17.4) 70 (22.4) 56 (10.6) 256 (16.8)	2.75 (2.03 to 3.73) 2.06 (1.50 to 2.82) 1.30 (0.92 to 1.82) 1	0.002
Ethnicity	Other Black Africans Caucasian	336 259 1520	74 (22) 56 (21.6) 256 (16.8)	1.29 (0.98 to 1.68) 1.28 (0.96 to 1.71) 1	0.090
Baseline CD4 (cells/mm³)	Missing <258 258-381 382-549 >550	11 526 528 525 525	1 (9.1) 106 (20.2) 83 (15.7) 103 (19.6) 93 (17.7)	0.47 (0.07 to 3.40) 1.12 (0.85 to 1.48) 0.88 (0.65 to 1.18) 1.12 (0.84 to 1.48) 1	0.356
Baseline viral load (copies/ml)	Missing >500 50-500 <50	24 456 368 1267	2 (8.3) 73 (16) 63 (17.1) 248 (19.6)	0.43 (0.11 to 1.75) 0.79 (0.61 to 1.03) 0.85 (0.64 to 1.12) 1	0.155
Baseline eGFR ml/min per 1.73m²	61-69 69-78 79-84 >84	528 550 479 558	251 (47.5) 69 (12.6) 35 (7.3) 31 (5.6)	10.42 (6.96 to 15.60) 2.42 (1.54 to 3.79) 1.38 (0.83 to 2.30) 1	<0.001
Baseline hepatitis C Ab status	Positive Negative	170 1945	32 (18.8) 354 (18.2)	1.11 (0.78 to 1.60) 1	0.174
Baseline hepatitis B Surface Antigen status	Positive Negative	71 2044	25 (35.2) 361 (17.7)	1.41(0.88 to 2.26) 1	0.180
Previous indinavir exposure	Yes No	230 1885	75 (32.6) 311 (16.5)	2.03 (1.58 to2.62) 1	<0.001
Previous tenofovir exposure	Yes No	835 1280	190 (14.8) 196 (23.5)	1.68 (1.38 to 2.05)	<0.001
Tot duration tenofovir exposure ¥	Median exposure 2years (IQR 1-4yrs)			1.09 (1.06 to 1.12)*	<0.001
ATZ/r exposure	Yes No	488 1627	276 (17.0) 110 (22.5)	1.2 (1.02 to 1.58) 1	<0.036
DRV/r exposure	Yes No	415 1700	283 (16.7) 103 (24.8)	1.54 (1.22 to 1.92) 1	<0.001
LPV/r exposure	Yes No	214 1901	321 (16.9) 65 (30.4)	1.71 (1.38 to 2.24) 1	<0.001
EFV exposure	Yes No	1245 870	204 (23.5) 182 (14.6)	0.6 (0.47 to 0.73) 1	<0.001
Combinations with	Combination LPV/r DRV/r ATZ/r EFV	227 369 287 111 1121	68 (30.0) 80 (21.7) 61 (21.3) 27 (24.3) 150 (13.4)	1.97 (1.48 to 2.62) 2.07 (1.38 to 3.12) 1.71 (1.27 to 2.31) 1.65 (1.26 to 2.17) 1	<0.001

¥ Includes current TFV exposure
* For every additional year of TFV exposure, risk of developing eGFR<60 ml/min per 1.73m² increased by 9%
HAART highly active antiretroviral therapy NRTI nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor ATZ atazanavir DRV darunavir LPV lopinavir EFV efavirenz r ritonavir TFV tenofovir IND indinavir eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate

Table 2: Univariate Cox’s proportional hazards regression model showing likelihood of eGFR< 60 ml/min per 1.73m2 since starting HAART with 2NRTI+ATZ/r, 2NRTI+DRV/r, 2NRTI+LPV/r or 2NRTI+EFV.

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