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| Figure 1: Factors involved in HIV associated immune activation. Various factors are linked with HIV associated immune activation. Acute/chronic immune activation Maybe a result of binding of viral proteins to TLRs, altered CD4+ T cell subsets, CD4+ T cell proliferation and apoptosis, pro-inflammatory milieu generated by infected antigen presenting cells or activation of cytolytic T cells and leaky gut allowing microbial translocation. In addition, each mechanism may inadvertently synergize with other mechanisms and alter the relative contribution of each factor [10,25,31,32,37,43,57,61,69,71,73,77]. |
