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   aA = a + bC, where C is the concentration in μg mL-1, A is the absorbance units, a is the intercept, b is the slope.
  | Parameters | p-CLA | TCNQ | QUIZ | ARS |  
  | Wavelengths λmax (nm) | 532 | 840 | 554 | 534 |  
  | Beer’s law limits (µg mL-1) | 10-140 | 3.0-30 | 2.0-20 | 1.0-10 |  
  | Molar absorptivity ε, 
    (L/mol-1 cm-1) x 104 | 0.7287 | 1.045 | 1.286 | 2.0076 |  
  | Sandell,s sensitivity (ng cm-2) | 39.43 | 274. 9 | 22.35 | 14.31 |  
  | Regression equation a |  |  |  |  |  
  | Slope (b) | 0.0035 | 0.0267 | 0.0394 | 0.0679 |  
  | Intercept (a) | 0.0027 | - 0.0098 | - 0.0039 | 0.0041 |  
  | Correlation coefficient (r) | 0.9996 | 0.9991 | 0.9997 | 0.9998 |  
  | Mean recovery % ± SD | 100.64 ± 0.61 | 99.90 ± 1.01 | 99.66 ± 0.574 | 99.61 ± 0.892 |  
  | RSD% | 0.614 | 1.01 | 0.576 | 0.895 |  
  | RE% | 0.644 | 1.06 | 0.605 | 0.94 |  
  | LOD, (µg  mL-1) b | 1.97 | 0.494 | 0.285 | 0.186 |  
  | LOQ, (µg  mL-1) b | 6.57 | 1.65 | 0.95 | 0.619 |  
  | Calculated t-value c | 1.72 | 0.11 | 0.78 | 0.71 |  
  | Calculated F-value c | 1.10 | 2.49 | 1.24 | 1.94 |  bLOD, limit of detection; LOQ, limit of quantification; ε, molar absorptivity.
 cThe theoretical values of t and F are 2.57 and 5.05, respectively at confidence limit at 95% confidence level and five degrees of freedom (p= 0.05).
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