| Study |
Number of patients |
rTMS target |
rTMS parameters |
Number of sessions |
Cognitive function improvement |
| 46 |
15 |
L/R DLPFC |
20 Hz,
90% MT |
1 |
↑ Action naming |
| 47 |
12 Mild
12 Moderate |
L/R DLPFC |
20 Hz,
90% MT |
1 |
↑ Action naming (Mild);
↑ Action-object naming (Moderate) |
| 48 |
5 real
5 sham |
L DLPFC |
20 Hz,
90% MT;
sham |
20 |
↑ Auditory comprehension |
| 49 |
1 |
L/R DLPFC |
10 Hz, 100% MT |
10 |
↑ MMSE, MIS, Free and Cued Recall Test, IST, TMT |
| 50 |
8 |
Broca’s area;
Wernicke’s area;
L/R DLPFC;
L/R pSAC |
10 Hz,
90-110% MT |
54 |
↑ ADAS-COG, CGIC |
| 51 |
15 |
Broca’s area;
Wernicke’s area;
L/R DLPFC;
L/R pSAC |
10 Hz,
90-110% MT |
54 |
↑ ADAS-COG, CGIC |
| 52 |
15 HF
15 LF
15 sham |
L/R DLPFC |
20 Hz,
90% MT;
1 Hz,
100% MT;
sham |
5 |
↑ MMSE, IALD, GDS (HF rTMS) |
Legend: Hz, Hertz; rTMS, repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; L, left; R, right; DLPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; pSAC, parietal somatosensory association
cortex; MT, motor threshold; HF, high-frequency; LF, low-frequency; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; IALD, Instrumental Daily
Living Activity; ADAS-COG, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive; CGIC, Clinical Global Impression of Change; IST, Isaac’s Set Test; TMT, Trail-Making Test;
↑, increase; ↓, decrease. |
