Assessment scales |
Number and gender of subjects |
Race of subject |
Age of subjects, years old |
Reliability (Internal consistency), α |
Indexes correlated with the scale |
References associated with the scale |
TDS [15] |
Sample1: 58 males |
Japanese |
27.6 (±11.1)a |
.81 |
Years of smoking, CPD |
Studies on varenicline treatment [19,20]
Studies developing new tools for assessing nicotine dependence [21,22] |
Sample2: 115 males
33 females |
43.1 (±15.6)a
33.0 (±12.4)a |
.76
.77 |
Years of smoking, CPD, CO levels
None |
Sample3: 194 males |
NM
|
.77 |
Age,
Years of smoking
CPD |
WISDM-68 [22]
|
303 males,
454 females,
18 not identified |
638 White
83 African-American
54 others |
≥18 |
Total WISDM-68:
.98- .99
Subscales: .84- .96 |
Total WISDM-68:
TDS, CO, CPD,
Some subscales:
End of treatment relapse |
Replication study [26,27]
Studies on PDM and SDM [28-30]
Brief WISDM [31] |
CDS-12,
CDS-5 [33] |
Preliminary survey: mail 384, internet 145
(Gender: NM) |
NM |
18-70 |
CDS-12: .90
CDS-5: .84 |
Cotinine,
CPD,
Urge to smoke, Switching from daily to occasional smoking |
Replication studies on predictivity [34,35] |
Main survey: 3009
47% males |
32 (range 12-74) |
NDSS [24] |
Study 1: 317
57% females |
NM |
44.2 (±10.3)a |
30-item version, NDSS-T: .84
Factors: .55- .76 |
30-item version:
CPD,
Difficulty abstaining,
Past severity of withdrawal |
Studies comparing some scales [26,38] |
Study 2 : 802
57% females |
66% White
31% Black
3% others |
39.2 (±10.6)a |
Study 3: 91
59% males |
81% White |
34.5 (±9.0) a
(range 20-55) |
Abbreviation: TDS= Tobacco Dependence Screener, WISDM= Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives, CDS= Cigarette Dependence Scale,
NDSS= Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale, NM= Not mentioned, NDSS-T=Total NDSS, CPD= Cigarettes smoked per day, CO= Carbon monoxide, PDM= primary dependence motives, SDM= secondary dependence motives
a Mean (± standard deviation) |