| 1. |
Animals are used as predictive models of humans for research into such diseases as cancer and AIDS. |
| 2. |
Animals are used as predictive models of humans for testing drugs or other chemicals. |
| 3. |
Animals are used as “spare parts”, such as when a person receives an aortic valve from a pig. |
| 4. |
Animals are used as bioreactors or factories, such as for the production of insulin or monoclonal antibodies, or to maintain the supply of a virus. |
| 5. |
Animals and animal tissues are used to study basic physiological principles. |
| 6. |
Animals are used in education to educate and train medical students and to teach basic principles of anatomy in high school biology classes. |
| 7. |
Animals are used as a modality for ideas or as a heuristic device, which is a component of basic science research. |
| 8. |
Animals are used in research designed to benefit other animals of the same species or breed. |
| 9. |
Animals are used in research in order to gain knowledge for knowledge sake. |
