Group |
Drug |
AD stage |
Beneficial Effect |
Risk |
Dosage |
Acetilcholinesterase
inhibitor |
Tacrine |
Mild-to-moderate |
Improves cognition and behavior |
Hepatotoxicity |
Initial:10 mg/6h
Maintenance: 30 mg/6h |
|
Galantamine |
Mild-to-moderate |
Improves learning and memory, cortical protection, inhibition of Aß aggregation |
Nausea, vomiting, weight loss |
Solution-Initial: 4mg/12h
Maintenance: 8mg/12h
Capsules-Initial: 8mg/day
Maintenance: 16mg/day
Maximum:24mg/day |
|
Donepezil |
Moderate-to-severe |
Improves cognition.
Good tolerante. |
Muscle
weakness |
Initial: 5mg/day
Maintenance:10 mg/day |
|
Rivastigmine |
Mild-to-moderate |
Improves cognition.
Good tolerance |
Gastric damage
Hepatotoxicity |
Oral-Initial: 1,5 mg/12h
Maintenance:3-6mg/12h
Transdermic-Initial: 4,6 mg/day
Maintenance:9,5 mg/day |
NMDA receptor
antagonist |
Memantine |
Moderate-to-severe |
Decreases Aß aggregation, prevents synaptic dysfunction, inhibits tauhyperphosphorylation |
Hallucinations
Confusion
Debilitation |
Initial: 5mg/day
Maintenance: 20 mg/day |
