Parameter Definition Malawi Sub-Saharan Africa Ref Λ Human recruitment rate 0.00039 0.00038 Approx R0 Effective contact rate for HIV infection 0.0005 0.0005 Approx βMV Rate of infection of people infected by mosquitoes 0.003 0.12 Approx βVM Rate of humans which become infected following the bite of an bite of an infectious mosquitoes 0.12 0.003 Approx γ Per capita recovery rate for humans from Malaria 0.00001 0.00001 Approx k Reduction factor of the recovery rate for Malaria HIV co-infection 1/2 1/2 Approx N Total Population of Humans 12800000 767000000 [11] μH Rate of mortality of humans infected with HIV 2.3 × 10-4 2.3 × 10-4 [11] μM Rate of mortality of humans infected with Malaria 3.454 × 10-4 3.354 × 10-3 [10] μV Rate of mortality of humans infected with HIV and Malaria 1.4 × 10-3 1.4 × 10-3 Approx μHM Vector daily natural mortality rate 0.1429-0.0714 0.167 [6,10] α Per capita mortality rate of humans 6.0883 × 10-5 5.7078 × 10-5 [11] ρi=1, 2,3,4 Amplification Factor 4,4,4,4 4,4,4,4 Approx

Table 1: Parameter Definitions.

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