|   | 
        Lipohypertrophy | 
        Lipoatrophy | 
        Lipodystrophy | 
       
      
        | Model 1*  | 
        Model 1†  | 
        Model 1*  | 
       
      
        | Gender | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
       
      
        | Male | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
       
      
        | Female | 
        1.09 (0.85–1.40) | 
        0.97 (0.79–1.21) | 
        0.92 (0.80–1.06) | 
       
      
        |  P    value  | 
        0.5 | 
        0.8 | 
        0.3 | 
       
      
        | Age (years) | 
        1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 
        0.99 (0.98–0.99) | 
        1.00 (0.99–1.00 ) | 
       
      
        |  P    value | 
        0.8 | 
        0.035 | 
        0.2 | 
       
      
        | Skin color | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
       
      
        | Caucasian | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
       
      
        | Non-Caucasian | 
        1.31 (1.02–1.68) | 
        1.09 (0.88–1.35) | 
        1.12 (0.97–1.29) | 
       
      
        |  P    value | 
        0.03 | 
        0.4 | 
        0.13 | 
       
      
        | Education (years) | 
        1.02 (0.99–1.05)  | 
        0.95 (0.93–0.98) | 
        0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 
       
      
        | P value | 
        0.18 | 
        0.001 | 
        0.19 | 
       
      
        |   | 
        Model 2*  | 
        Model 2†† | 
        Model 2† | 
       
      
        | Smoking (pack-years)  | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
       
      
        | 0  | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
       
      
        | 1-19 | 
        0.86 (0.67–1.17) | 
        1.16 (0.89–1.52) | 
        1.27 (1.07–1.52) | 
       
      
        |  ≥20 | 
        0.99 (0.71–1.39) | 
        1.75 (1.31–2.35) | 
        1.06 (0.89–1.26) | 
       
      
        |  P    value | 
        0.6 | 
        <0.001 | 
        0.016 | 
       
      
        | Physical    activity (min/week) | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
       
      
        |  ≥150 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
       
      
        |  <150  | 
        1.06 (0.83–1.36) | 
        0.80 (0.64–1.00) | 
        0.94 (0.81–1.08) | 
       
      
        |  P    value | 
        0.6 | 
        0.046 | 
        0.4 | 
       
      
        |   | 
        Model 3**  | 
        Model 3††† | 
        Model 3† | 
       
      
        | Body mass index (kg/m2)  | 
        1.09 (1.07–1.11) | 
        0.94 (0.91 – 0.97) | 
        1.00 (0.99 – 1.02) | 
       
      
        |  P    value | 
        <0.001 | 
        < 0.001 | 
        0.6 | 
       
      
        | CD4 (cells/mm3)  | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
       
      
        | ≥350 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
       
      
        | 200-349 | 
        0.71 (0.49–1.03) | 
        0.85 (0.63–1.16) | 
        0.90 (0.74–1.09) | 
       
      
        |  <200 | 
        0.58 (0.30–1.11) | 
        1.16 (0.85–1.59) | 
        0.98 (0.77–1.26) | 
       
      
        |  P    value | 
        0.07 | 
        0.3 | 
        0.5 | 
       
      
        | Viral load (copies/mL) | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
       
      
        |  <50 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
       
      
        |  ≥50 | 
        0.98 (0.57–1.70) | 
        0.88 (0.54–1.42) | 
        1.16 (0.77–1.73) | 
       
      
        |  P    value | 
        1.0 | 
        0.6 | 
        0.5 | 
       
      
        | Time since diagnosis of HIV infection (years) | 
          | 
          | 
          | 
       
      
        |  <3  | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
        1.00 | 
       
      
        | 3-5 | 
        1.12 (0.87–1.45) | 
        0.86 (0.65–1.15) | 
        1.06 (0.90–1.26) | 
       
      
        |  ≥6  | 
        1.25 (0.88–1.77) | 
        0.96 (0.72–1.29) | 
        1.11 (0.92–1.34) | 
       
      
        |  P    value | 
        0.4 | 
        0.6 | 
        0.5 | 
       
      
        *Adjusted for skin    color and education 
          **Adjusted for skin    color, education, BMI, and CD4 
          † Adjusted for age and    education 
          ††Adjusted for age and    education, physical activity, and smoking 
          †††Adjusted for age and    education, physical activity, smoking, and BMI 
          †Adjusted for skin    color, education, and smoking | 
       
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