| Characteristica,b |
Fatty Liver Disease N=28 (13.27%) |
No Fatty Liver Disease 183 (86.73%) |
OR (95% CI) p-value |
| Variable of Interest |
|
|
|
|
| Adiponectin, per 1.0 µg/ml increase |
2.8 (1.9-3.5) |
3.1 (2.3-4.4) |
0.7 (0.5, 1.0) |
0.06 |
| Demographics |
|
|
|
|
| Age, per 10 years |
45 (40-50) |
43 (34-50) |
1.3 (0.8, 1.9) |
0.24 |
| Ethnicity |
|
|
|
0.2 |
| Black |
2 (4.3%) |
45 (95.7%) |
0.2 (0.04, 0.9) |
|
| Hispanic |
4 (13.3%) |
26 (86.7%) |
0.7 (0.2, 2.3) |
|
| Other |
3 (11.1%) |
24 (88.9%) |
0.6 (0.1, 2.1) |
|
| White |
19 (17.8%) |
88 (82.2%) |
1.0 |
|
| Clinical Information |
|
|
|
|
| Hypertension |
|
|
|
|
| No |
17 (11.4%) |
132 (88.6%) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
11 (17.7%) |
51 (82.3%) |
1.7 (0.7, 3.8) |
0.22 |
| Diabetes |
|
|
|
|
| No |
25 (12.6%) |
173 (87.4%) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
3 (23.1%) |
10 (76.9%) |
2.1 (0.5, 8.0) |
0.29 |
| Tobacco Use |
|
|
|
0.48 |
| Never |
12 (11.4%) |
93 (88.6%) |
1.0 |
|
| Past |
9 (12.9%) |
61 (87.1%) |
1.1 (0.4, 2.9) |
|
| Current |
7 (19.4%) |
29 (80.6%) |
1.9 (0.7, 5.2) |
|
| HIV-specific Information |
|
|
|
|
| Duration HIV infection (years) |
11 (6-22) |
11 (5-19) |
1.0 (0.9, 1.0) |
0.61 |
| CD4 count (cells/mm3),per 100 cells |
601.5 (394-766) |
578 (384-713) |
1.0 (0.9, 1.2) |
0.56 |
| Nadir CD4 (cells/mm3), per 100 cells |
252.50 (95-368) |
260 (144-356) |
0.9 (0.7, 1.2) |
0.73 |
| HIV RNA level (copies/ml) |
|
|
|
|
| <50 |
19 (13.0%) |
127 (87.0%) |
1.0 |
|
| ≥50 |
9 (13.9%) |
56 (86.1%) |
1.1 (0.4, 2.5) |
0.87 |
| Current HAART Use |
|
|
|
|
| No |
5 (13.5%) |
32 (86.5%) |
1.0 |
|
| Yes |
23 (13.2%) |
151 (86.8%) |
1.0 (0.3, 2.8) |
0.96 |
| Total months NRTI use, per 12 months |
89.1 (17-157.1) |
74.3 (17.3-145.4) |
1.0 (0.9, 1.1) |
0.68 |
| Total months protease |
36 (0-78.1) |
23.40 (0-71) |
1.0 (0.9, 1.1) |
0.33 |
| inhibitor use, per 12 months |
|
|
|
|
| Ritonavir |
|
|
|
|
| None |
10 (9.3%) |
97 (90.7%) |
1.0 |
|
| Past or Current Use |
18 (17.3%) |
86 (82.7%) |
2.0 (0.9, 4.6) |
0.09 |
| Laboratory Results |
|
|
|
|
| ESR , per 10 mm/hr |
11 (10-17) |
10 (7-19) |
1.1 (0.9, 1.4) |
0.37 |
| hsCRP level (mg/dL) |
0.2 (0.1-0.4) |
0.1 (0.1-0.3) |
0.8 (0.4, 1.9) |
0.69 |
| Total cholesterol, per 10 mg/dL |
200.5 (162-238) |
183 (157-204) |
1.1 (1.0, 1.2) |
0.17 |
| HDL, per 10 mg/dL |
36 (31-43) |
40 (35-50) |
0.6 (0.4, 0.9) |
0.02 |
| LDL , per 10 mg/dLc |
104 (76-132) |
101 (87-129) |
1.0 (0.9, 1.2) |
0.46 |
| Triglyceride level, per 100 mg/dL |
188 (145-399) |
135 (87-235) |
1.4 (1.1, 1.7) |
0.002 |
| Fasting glucose, per 10 mg/dLc |
97 (92-105) |
91 (85-98) |
1.3 (1.0, 1.5) |
0.01 |
| Weight and Fat Measurements |
|
|
|
|
| BMI (kg/m2) |
30 (27-32) |
26 (24-29) |
1.2 (1.1, 1.3) |
<0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) |
104 (95-107) |
92 (84-98) |
1.1 (1.0, 1.1) |
<0.0001 |
| Percent body fatc |
28 (24-33) |
26 (23-29) |
1.1 (1.0, 1.1) |
0.01 |
| Physician Visual Assessment |
|
|
|
|
| Lipohypertrophy |
20 (19.6%) |
82 (80.4%) |
3.1 (1.3, 7.3) |
0.01 |
| Lipoatrophy |
10 (12.5%) |
01 (87.5%) |
0.9 (0.4, 2.0) |
0.75 |
a Categorical variables expressed as number (percentage) and continuous variables as median (interquartile range) other weight and body measurements were not included due to collinearity
b Variables FRS, family history of CAD, and all other ART medications were removed from the table due to lack of significance with FLD;
cAll values are n=211, except LDL (n=198), glucose (n=210) and percent body fat (n=212) due to missing values
BMI, body-mass index; CI, 95% confidence interval; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; hsCRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NRTI, nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor; OR, odds ratio |
