Recurred OI Pre-ART (268) ART (268) X2  p-value PLHIV (536) Frequency (%) IR Frequency (%) IR Frequency (%) IR RecurrentURTIs 35 (13.1) 0.27 38 (14.2) 0.21 0.91 73 (13.6) 0.24 Chronic diarrhea 30 (11.2) 0.23 22 (8.2) 0.12 0.25 52 (9.7) 0.17 Pneumonia 21 (7.8) 0.16 25 (9.3) 0.14 0.73 46 (8.5) 0.15 Oral candidacies 22 (8.2) 0.17 21 (7.8) 0.12 0.91 43 (8.0) 0.14 Herpes zoster 18 (6.7) 0.14 20 (7.5) 0.11 0.81 38 (7.1) 0.12 EPTB 15 (5.6) 0.12 16 (6.0) 0.09 0.92 31 (5.8) 0.10 Minor MC manifestations 13 (4.9) 0.10 15 (5.6) 0.08 0.92 28 (5.2) 0.09 PTB 10 (3.7) 0.08 13 (4.9) 0.07 0.72 23 (4.2) 0.07 PCP 12 (4.5) 0.09 9 (3.4) 0.05 0.61 21 (3.9) 0.07 Genital/oral ulcer 8 (3.0) 0.06 6 (2.2) 0.03 0.75 14 (2.6) 0.05 Toxoplasmosis 6 (2.2) 0.05 5 (1.9) 0.03 0.95 11 (2.1) 0.04 Encephalopathy 4 (1.5) 0.03 7 (2.6) 0.04 0.57 11 (2.1) 0.04 Wasting syndrome 8 (3.0) 0.06 3 (1.1) 0.02 0.20 11 (2.1) 0.04 Cryptococal meningitis 3 (1.1) 0.02 8 (3.0) 0.04 0.24 11 (2.1) 0.04 Persistent generalized LAP 6 (2.2) 0.05 3 (1.1) 0.02 0.33* 9 (1.7) 0.03 Others 7 (2.6) 0.06 9 (3.4) 0.05 0.78 16 (3.0) 0.05 Total# 200 (74.6) 1.57 206 (76.9) 1.13 0.61 406 (75.7) 1.31 Keys: IR: incidence rate per 100 person weeks; MC: muco-cutaneous; LAP: lymphadenopathy; URTIs: upper respiratory tract infections; PTB: pulmonary tuberculosis; EPTB: extra pulmonary tuberculosis; PCP: pneumocystis Carinii pneumonia; Row total is not sum of columns values due to occurrence of more than one OI in some study participants. #Row total is not sum of columns values due to occurrence of more than one OI in some study participants. * P-value is Fisher’s Exact test because of 50% of the expected cell values are less than 5.

Table 1: Proportion and incidence of recurred OIs in pre-ART and ART PLHIV in Debre Markos Hospital and Health Center, Northwest Ethiopia between 25th March 2007 and 24th March, 2013.

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