| Trophic Factors Secreted from Stem Cells |
Major Functions |
| Adrenomedullin |
Cardioprotection |
| Angiogenin |
Angiogenesis |
| Angiopoetin-1 |
Angiogenesis |
| Bone morphogenetic protein |
Cell development |
| Endothelin |
Cardioprotection |
| Fibroblast growth factor |
Cell proliferation and migration |
| Hepatocyte growth factor |
Cardioprotection and angiogenesis |
| Insulin-like growth factor |
Cardioprotection |
| Interleukin-1 |
VEGF induction |
| Interleukin-6 |
VEGF induction |
| Macrophage migration inhibitory factor |
Immune-modulatory |
| Platelet-derived growth factor |
Cell proliferation |
| Thrombospondin-1 |
Cardiac remodeling prevention |
| Thymosin-b4 |
Cardioprotection |
| Transforming growth factor |
Cell proliferation and angiogenesis |
| Tumor necrosis factor-a |
Cell proliferation |
| Vascular endothelial growth factor |
Angiogenesis |
