| |
Men |
Women |
| |
Crude |
Adjusted † |
Crude |
Adjusted † |
| Variable |
OR |
(95%CI) |
OR |
(95%CI) |
OR |
(95%CI) |
OR |
(95%CI) |
| Age (every one year) |
1.02 |
(1.01-1.02) |
1.01 |
(1.00-1.02) |
1.01 |
(1.01-1.02) |
1.01 |
(1.00-1.02) |
| Co-morbidities before index date (yes vs. no)* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chronic osteomyelitis |
0.95 |
(0.52-1.73) |
0.71 |
(0.37-1.36) |
1.30 |
(0.68-2.50) |
0.90 |
(0.45-1.83) |
| Obesity |
1.17 |
(0.64-2.12) |
-- |
|
1.74 |
(1.17-2.60) |
1.43 |
(0.94-2.19) |
| Diabetes mellitus |
1.36 |
(1.23-1.51) |
0.86 |
(0.77-0.97) |
1.52 |
(1.38-1.68) |
0.98 |
(0.87-1.09) |
| Hyperlipidemia |
1.85 |
(1.68-2.04) |
1.23 |
(1.11-1.37) |
1.49 |
(1.35-1.63) |
0.96 |
(0.86-1.07) |
| Hypertension |
2.51 |
(2.24-2.80) |
1.48 |
(1.31-1.68) |
2.80 |
(2.44-3.20) |
1.82 |
(1.58-2.11) |
| Cerebrovascular disease |
1.86 |
(1.67-2.07) |
1.30 |
(1.15-1.46) |
1.67 |
(1.48-1.89) |
1.12 |
(0.98-1.28) |
| Dementia |
4.70 |
(3.94-5.60) |
3.29 |
(2.72-3.98) |
4.79 |
(3.99-5.76) |
3.44 |
(2.82-4.19) |
| Major depressive disorder |
3.41 |
(2.88-4.05) |
2.09 |
(1.74-2.52) |
3.32 |
(2.77-3.76) |
2.19 |
(1.86-2.58) |
| Chronic kidney disease |
1.61 |
(1.37-1.88) |
0.99 |
(0.83-1.17) |
1.44 |
(1.19-1.74) |
0.99 |
(0.81-1.21) |
| Head injury |
1.59 |
(1.40-1.79) |
1.29 |
(1.13-1.48) |
1.67 |
(1.47-1.91) |
1.31 |
(1.13-1.50) |
| Tobacco use |
1.75 |
(1.16-2.64) |
1.32 |
(0.84-2.05) |
-- |
|
-- |
|
| Alcoholism |
1.76 |
(1.13-2.75) |
1.24 |
(0.76-2.03) |
3.33 |
(1.02-1.09) |
2.80 |
(0.81-9.69) |
| Polypharmacy |
4.03 |
(3.67-4.43) |
3.17 |
(2.85-3.52) |
3.64 |
(3.30-4.01) |
2.85 |
(2.55-3.17) |
The co-morbidities included before index date were as follows: chronic osteomyelitis (ICD-9 730.1x), obesity (ICD-9 278.00 and 278.01), diabetes mellitus (ICD-9 250),
hyperlipidemia (ICD-9 272.0, 272.1, 272.2, 272.3 and 272.4), hypertension (ICD-9 401-405), cerebrovascular disease (ICD-9 430–438), dementia (ICD-9 290.0, 290.1,
290.2, 290.3, 290.4, 294.1 and 331.0), major depressive disorder (ICD-9 296.2, 296.3, 300.4 and 311), chronic kidney disease (ICD-9 585, 586, 588.8 and 588.9), head
injury (ICD-9 850-854 and 959.01), tobacco use (ICD-9 305.1) and alcoholism (ICD-9 303, 305.00, 305.01, 305.02, 305.03 and V11.3). Polypharmacy was defined as the
daily average use of 5 or more drugs. |
