| |
PD + A
(n = 22) |
PD – A
(n = 39) |
HC
(n=19) |
Statistic (ANOVA or t-test) |
| |
Mean (SD) or n (%) |
F; p |
| Demographic variables |
Age
(years) |
69.32
(6.32) |
66.16
(4.92) |
65.79
(5.55) |
F = 2.87;
p= .06 |
Gender
(% male) |
17
(77.3) |
29
(74.4) |
9
(47.4) |
x2 = 5.36;
p=.07 |
Level of formal education
(years) |
12.45
(2.30) |
13.00
(2.26) |
13.31
(2.33) |
F = 0.76;
p =.47 |
| Disease variables |
| Levodopa equivalent daily dose |
812.92 (522.16) |
854.84 (621.21) |
|
t= -0.27;
p = .79 |
| Duration of PD motor symptoms (months) |
123.27 (82.49) |
89.24
(64.90) |
|
t = 1.65;
p=0.11 |
| Age of onset of motor symptoms (years) |
59.73
(10.41) |
58.43
(8.34) |
|
t = 0.53;
p = .60 |
| UPDRS* motor (Part III) |
37.68
(12.30) |
25.73
(10.00) |
|
t = 4.07;
P = .000 |
UPDRS* complications
(Part IV) |
3.95
(3.58) |
3.27
(3.39) |
|
t= 0.74;
p = .47 |
| Hoehn-Yahr stage |
2.68
(0.73) |
2.20
(0.79) |
|
t = 2.32;
p = .02 |
| Behavioural variables |
| Apathy Evaluation Scale-Clinician version |
47.27
(12.13) |
23.86
(7.69) |
22.95 (5.06) |
F = 58.74;
p< .001
(post hoc:
p< .001 for both PD+A vs PD-A and Pd-A vs HC) |
| Depression of any kind**, (%,DSM IV criteria) |
8
(37.3) |
28
(62.7) |
|
x2 =0.32;
p=.24 |
*Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale