Type

 

I

Fistula not involving the closing mechanism*

II
A
     a     
     b
B
     a
     b

Fistula involving the closing mechanism
Without (sub)total involvement of the urethra
Without circumferential defect
With circumferential defect
With (sub)total involvement of the urethra
Without circumferential defect
With circumferential defect

III

Miscellaneous, e.g. ureterovaginal or other exceptional fistulas


*Closing mechanism includes the urethra and the bladder neck. The closing mechanism is measured as 5 cm from the external urethral meatus.

Table 1: Waaldijk Classification of Vesicovaginal Fistulas4.
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