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| Figure 1: HIV entry process. (A) Left: On the HIV surface, the envelope protein gp120 (gold) interacts with receptor CD4 (orange) and coreceptor CCR5 or CXCR4 (purple) on the host cell surface. Middle: When viral gp120 binds to the receptor CD4 and coreceptor, gp120 undergoes a conformational change and exposes gp41 (cyan and green). (B) Left: Solution structure of vMIP-II as determined by NMR spectroscopy (gold ribbon). Right: vMIP-II (gold) binds to HIV coreceptor CCR5 or CXCR4 (purple) and blocks HIV entry. The structure was made with the program Chimera [58] using PDB structure 1VMP [3]. |
