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Volume 8, Issue 4 (Suppl)
J Addict Res Ther
ISSN: 2155-6105 JART, an open access journal
Alcoholism 2017
July 03-04, 2017
July 03-04, 2017 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
7
th
International Conference on
Addictive Disorders and
Alcoholism
J Addict Res Ther 2017, 8:4 (Suppl)
DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105-C1-031
The role of inflammatory cytokines in stress responses: Implications of new target for antidepressant
development
Insop Shim
Kyung Hee University, South Korea
T
he immune system and the central nervous system (CNS) form a bi-directional communication network through cytokines
which act as signaling molecules of the immune system as well as producing neuroendocrine, neuroimmune, and behavioral
changes in response to a variety of stress stimuli. It has been known that activation of the central innate immune system or
exposure to stress can disrupt balance of anti-/proinflammatory cytokines. However the mechanism by which these cytokines
regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is still unclear. To understand the role of cytokines on stress-induced
neuroinflammation, we investigated the role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the modulation of depressive-like
behaviors, the hormonal and neurotransmitter systems in rats. Single exposure of stress resulted in an increase of corticotrophin-
releasing factor expression in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, adrenocorticotropin hormone and the final
hormone of HPA-axis, corticosterone levels in the serum. Peripheral and central productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines,
IL-1β and IL 6 were significantly increased during stress, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-4 was reduced after stress
stimulation. Based on these animal models, we have screened and evaluated anti-stress and anti-depressant effect of several
herbal formula such as soyo-san, a traditional medicinal formula, a mixture of 9 crude drugs including
Paeoliae Radix Alba,
Atractylodis macrocephalae phizoma, Angelicae gigantis radix, Poria, Liriopis tuber, Bupleuri radix, Menthae herba, Glycyrrhizae
radix, Zingiberi rhizoma recens
which have been clinically used for treating mild depressive disorders. Soyo-san inhibited stress-
induced inflammatory responses, IL-1β production in the brain as well as effectively reduced behavioral and patho-physiological
depression-like responses. These data suggest that stress may potentate inflammation through interaction of cytokines with
activation of the HPA axis and stress-related disorders may be influenced by imbalance of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
In addition, the immunerestorative compounds such as soyo-san may be useful as powerful therapeutic candidate for treatment
of stress-related diseases such as depression.
ishim@khu.ac.kr