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.com
Volume 4
Clinical Neuropsychology: Open Access
Neuropsychiatry 2018
August 27-28, 2018
August 27-28, 2018 Tokyo, Japan
8
th
Global Experts Meeting on
Advances in Neurology and Neuropsychiatry
Neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of
Ozoroa pulcherrima
and
Sida pilosa
extracts on murine model of neuroschistosomiasis
Ulrich Femoe Membe
1, 2
, Hermine Boukeng Jatsa
1, 2
, Théophile Dimo
1
and Louis Albert Tchuem Tchuente
1, 2
1
University of Yaoundé, Cameroon
2
Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology Yaoundé, Cameroon
Background:
Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis) is an infectious parasitic disease caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma.
Schistosomiasis is an important public health problem in Africa. After malaria, it is the second most prevalent tropical
disease, affecting at least 258 million people worldwide and 90% in Africa (WHO, 2017). The eggs released by the adult
female worm are mainly responsible to the pathology where they are deposited in the liver, intestine, uro-genital or Central
Nervous System (CNS). The most severe clinical outcome associated with this parasite is the infection of the CNS known as
Neuroschistosomiasis (NSM) and can affect the brain or the spinal cord occurring during all phases of schistosomiasis and
resulting to severe complications. Chronic neuroschistosomiasis results from the host’s immune response to the eggs and
the resultant granulomatous reaction and fibro-obstructive disease. Once deposited into CNS, the mature embryo secretes
immunogenic substances that causing inflammatory reaction leading to a periovular granulomatous reaction. In the early
phase of schistosomiasis (the first 110 days) the immune response reaches maximum intensity. The granulomas successfully
destroy the ova but result in fibrotic deposition in the host tissue. The mass effect of thousands of eggs and the large granulomas
concentrated within the brain or spinal cord leads to symptoms such as headache, focal or generalized seizures, ataxia,
nystagmus, nausea and vomiting, intracranial hypertension and neurological deficit.
Purpose:
Many clinical cases have been reported by several authors and many experimental studies have been performed to
evaluate the immunopathology and diagnosis during CNS invasion by Schistosoma. Moreover, there is no definitive consensus
regarding therapy of NSM. Therefore, the search for alternative or complementary drugs has become a priority.
Sida pilosa
and
Ozoroa pulcherrima
are good drug candidate against Schistosoma infection. These plants have been studied in our research
team and showed schistosomicidal effects (
in vitro
and
in vivo
), antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory activities (
in vivo
) on mice
liver infected by
Schistosoma mansoni
.
Objective:
We aimed for our PhD research to evaluate neuroprotective and neuroimmunomodulatory effects of these to plants
extracts on mice model of neuroschistosomiasis induced by
Schistosoma mansoni
.
Experimental design:
The research design will consist to infect mice with
Schistosoma mansoni
cercariae (80 cercariae per
mouse). Twelve weeks after untreated and treated mice will go through the behavioral and neurocognitive tests (Open Field,
Traction test and T maze) and sacrificed. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses performed to evaluate inflammation
and necrosis in brain and spinal cord tissue as well as inflammatory and profibrotic biomarkers (INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-10; IL-13,
NFκ-b, BDNF and C-reactive protein) in serum and brain tissue.
Biography
Ulrich Femoe Membe is currently doing his doctoral degree at University of Yaounde, Cameroon.
ulrichfemoe10@gmail.comUlrich Femoe Membe et al., ClinNeuropsychol 2018, Volume 3
DOI: 10.4172/2472-095X-C1-003