Journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology

Emerging bacteria in a tertiary healthcare set up

3^rd International Congress on Bacteriology and Infectious Diseases

August 04-06, 2015 Valencia, Spain

Inam Danish Khan

Posters-Accepted Abstracts: J Bacteriol Parasitol

Abstract:

Background: Emerging organisms are organisms that have newly appeared in a cohort/population or have existed but are
rapidly increasing in incidence, geographic or host range. While, one-tenth of all infectious diseases are attributable to emerging
organisms, operationally defining an organism as emerging is a subjective endeavor. As emerging organisms sporadically affect
a relatively small percentage of population, they are not studied at large. This study was aimed at studying the characteristics of
emerging bacteria at an Indian tertiary care hospital.
Methods: 16918 positive isolates obtained from 66323 processed samples during 2013-14 were included. Identification
percentage >85% along with inbuilt standards for identification comparison were considered for final validation through
automated systems. Non repeat positive cultures were interpreted in conjunction with colony characteristics, cellular
morphology, disc-diffusion antifungal susceptibility patterns, clinical correlates and environmental surveillance. The frequency
of isolation, sources, referring centers, susceptibility profiles and phenotypic characteristics. A literature search was done
to identify reports on human pathogenicity and yeasts and algae reported less than 100 times on PubMed were defined as
emerging.
Results: 13498 (79.78%) Gram negative and 3254 (19.23%) Gram positive bacteria were isolated from 16918 isolates, of
which 445 (2.63%) were emerging bacterial isolates. Emerging Enterobacteriaceae comprised of 40 species in 15 genera, nonfermenters
33 species in 21 genera and Gram-positive bacteria 45 species in 14 genera. The emerging bacteria were isolated
from multiple sources and centers. Most of the isolates were multi-resistant while only a few were susceptible to commonly
used drugs. Environmental surveillance was not corroborative.
Conclusion: Emerging bacteria have the potential to infect compromised hosts, posing difficulty in management due to
multidrug resistance. They are likely to evade routine identification or be disregarded as non-contributory. Astute efforts
directed at identification of emerging isolates, decisions by clinical microbiologists and treating physicians and containment
of infection are required.