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Addiction Psychiatry 2018
Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy
ISSN: 2155-6105
Page 55
August 13-14, 2018
Madrid, Spain
8
th
International Conference on
Addiction Psychiatry
S
tudies of brain connectivity alterations using resting-state
functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI), diffusion
tensor imaging (DTI), and more recently diffusion spectroscopic
imaging (DSI) data have advanced and enlarged our knowledge
on the organization of large-scale structural and functional brain
networks, which consist of spatially distributed, but functionally
linked regions that continuously share information. Brain’s energy
is largely consumed at rest during spontaneous neuronal activity
(~20%), while task-related increases in metabolism energy are
minor (<5%). Spontaneous ultralow-frequency fluctuations in
BOLD-based rsfMRI signals (<0.01Hz) at the level of large-scale
neural systems are not noise, but orderly and organized in a series
of functional networks that permanently maintain a high level
of temporal coherence among brain areas that are structurally
segregated and functionally linked in resting state networks
(RSNs). Some RSNs are functionally organized as dynamically
competing systems both at rest and while performing various
tasks. The default mode network (DMN), the most important
RSN, is even more active during rest and involved in realization
of tasks like memory retrieval, emotional process, and social
cognition. Cortical connectivity at rest is reportedly altered in
several neurological and psychiatric disorders. Most recently,
human brain function has been imaged in fMRI, and thereby
accessing both sides of the mind-brain interface (subjective
experience and objective observations) has simultaneously been
performed. As such, functional neuroimaging moves onto new
potential applications like reading the brain states, discriminate
neurological dysfunctions (if any), brain-computer interfaces, lie
detection, and alike. The contribution aims to review and evaluate
themost current approaches for early detection and classification
of cognitive impairments and dementia, particularly among
syndromes with relatively similar behavioral effects, based on
alterations in brain connectivity at rest explored by rsfMRI, DTI,
and DSI.
mutihac@gmail.comDynamics of the human effective connectome at rest revealed
by functional neuroimaging
Radu Mutihac
University of Bucharest, Romania
J Addict Res Ther 2018, Volume 9
DOI: 10.4172/2155-6105-C2-040