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Neonatal and Pediatric Medicine | Volume: 04
October 25-26, 2018 | Prague, Czech Republic
World Neonatology and Child Care Meeting
Neonat Pediatr Med 2018, Volume: 04
10.4172/2572-4983-C2-006
Effect of types of milk on transfontanelle ultrasonographic changes in infants
Afafa Korraa
and
Aisha Ramadan
Al-Azhar University, Egypt
Background:
There is growing evidence that breastfeeding improves the brain development of infants. Researchers have discovered that
breastfeeding alone produces the best results for boosting a baby’s brain growth. Breastfeeding can increase a baby’s brain growth by 20 to 30
percent.
Aim:
The aim was to compare the types of feeding on sonographic brain changes in the first 6 months of life from July 2016 to April 2017.
Subjects & Methods:
It was an analytical comparative study carried out on our patients at the clinic of Al-Azhar University Hospital. Fifty
healthy infants at 6 months age delivered full-term were included in the study. Congenital anomalies, chromosomal abnormalities, sepsis,
jaundice and those with drug could affect the brain were excluded. We splitted the infants into three groups: those whose mothers reported
that they exclusively breastfed for at least six months, those fed a combination of breast milk and formula (mixed) and those fed formula
alone. Maternal and neonatal history including feeding history, general examination including anthropometric and vital signs, neurological
examinations were done. Transfontanelle ultrasound examination was performed for all infants. It was performed while the infant in supine
position or holded by their mothers. The scan was performed in coronal, sagittal planes for measurement of the length of corpus callosum and
the transverse diameter of the fourth ventricle in mid sagittal plane and parasagittal planes. The probes used were multifrequency curvilinear
probes with transducer ranging from 3-5 MHZ in all cases, transducer ranging from 7-10 MHZ for right and left ventricular horn ratio and
length of corpus callosum.
Results:
Right horn ventricular ratio increased significantly in formula feeding and mixed feeding infants than exclusive breastfeeding infants
(4.10 ± 0.23, 4.12 ± 0.29, 3.72 ± 0.54 2.8) (ANOVA 5.233, P value 0.009) respectively. Left ventricle horn ratio increased significantly in
formula feeding and mixed feeding in comparison to breastfeeding infants respectively (4.30±0.65, 4.28±0.69, 3.57±0.98 (ANOVA 4.551, P
value 0.015). No significant difference in length of corpus callosum between the 3 studied groups.
Conclusion:
Enlarged ventricles’ diameters in infants for feeding of artificial or mixedmilkmay be associated with neurological developmental
changes in the future. These findings add to a substantial body of research that finds positive association between breastfeeding and children's
brain developmental health.