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Neonatal and Pediatric Medicine | Volume: 04
October 25-26, 2018 | Prague, Czech Republic
World Neonatology and Child Care Meeting
Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract in late premature newborns
Monika Kamianowska, Marek Szczepański, Barbara Bebko
and
Magdalena Andraka
Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
Background:
Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) occur with a frequency of about 1 in 500 live-born
newborns, more often in premature newborns. According to the global registers, in 30-43% of cases, these defects cause the renal
failure in children, which is a serious clinical problem. Ultrasonography is the basic method in diagnosing CAKUT in newborns and
the first examination in the algorithm of recognizing these abnormalities.
Aim:
The main aim of this work was to analyze the prenatal and postnatal CAKUT diagnoses in premature newborns.
Methods:
A retrospective study included all newborns born prematurely between 34 0/6-36 6/7 week of pregnancy at the Department
of Neonatology and Intensive Neonatal Care, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland between 01.01.2015 and 31.12.2016. 344 medical
histories were analyzed.
Results:
In prenatal examination, CAKUT was found in 1.7% of premature newborns. Postnatally CAKUT was diagnosed in 16%
of all analyzed children (unilateral dilatation of the renal pelvis and the calyces (10.5%), bilateral dilatation of the renal pelvis and
the calyces (1.7%), pelvicalyceal system duplication (1.7%), unilateral kidney agenesis (0.3%), bilateral kidney agenesis (0.3%), other
defects (1.5%)); in 62.5% of premature babies, the ultrasound examination was normal; in 21.5% of cases the ultrasound examinations
were not performed. CAKUT diagnosed prenatally was confirmed in the postnatal study.
Conclusions:
Ultrasound examinations of the urinary tract should be performed in all premature newborns after birth, because of
high frequency of CAKUT in this age group. Early diagnosis of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract give the possibility
to start further diagnosis and treatment.
Neonat Pediatr Med 2018, Volume: 04
10.4172/2572-4983-C2-006