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Volume 8, Issue 4 (Suppl) J Vet Sci Technol, an open access journal
ISSN: 2157-7579 Veterinary 2017
September 04-05, 2017
September 04-05, 2017 | Paris, France
7th International Veterinary Congress
Oral administration of heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis reduces the lesion score after challenge
with a field strain in red deer
Jobin Thomas†, María Ángeles Risalde†, Miriam Serrano, Iker Sevilla, Mariví Geijo, José Antonio Ortíz, Miguel Fuertes, José Francisco Ruíz-Fons, José
de la Fuente, Lucas Domínguez, Ramón Juste, Joseba Garrido, Christian Gortázar*
SaBio (Health and Biotechnology), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM), Ciudad Real, Spain.
† Both first two authors contributed equally to this work.
* Corresponding author, E mail:
Statement of the problem: Deer species (family Cervidae) can act as maintenance host for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex. Tuberculosis (TB) control in deer, including vaccination, is consequently an area of ongoing research. However, most
of the study in deer TB vaccination is focused on using the live bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG). Oral inactivated vaccines
represent an interesting alternative to either oral or parenteral BCG, since neither diagnostic cross-reactions nor vaccine strain
survival are likely to occur. The present study documents the response of red deer to heat-inactivated M . bovis (IV) followed
by challenge with virulent M. bovis.
Methodology: We conducted an experiment in six month-old red deer in which three groups of five red deer each were
vaccinated with oral IV, oral BCG or were left unvaccinated as controls, respectively. All groups were challenged with a virulent
M.bovis strain after 70 days and necropsied at 60 days post-challenge.The results of post mortemTB lesions andM. bovis culture
scores were documented and serum antibody levels, IFN-γ response, complement component C3 and serum interleukin levels
(IL-1β/IL-10/IL-12/TNFα) at different time points of the study were estimated. These parameters were statistically compared
between different groups
Results: A reduction in the infection burden was recorded in the IV group. There were significant differences with the control
group (53% of lesion reduction). C3 plasma levels increased after challenge, and there were no differences between the groups.
The plasma cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-10, IL-12) levels did not change after vaccination, but IL-1β, TNFα and IL-10 did
so following the challenge. The IL-12 and IFNγ levels remained constant throughout the experiment. The IL-1β level increased
in all groups, while TNFα and IL-10 levels had a distinct response pattern in the IV group and the control group, respectively.
Conclusion & Significance: The results showed that oral vaccination with IV reduces the TB lesion score in red deer challenged
with a M. bovis field strain without interfering with the in vivo diagnosis of infection. The cytokines and C3 may contribute
to this immune response against mycobacteria, using the IFNγ/IL-10 ratio as an indicator to define disease severity. However,
further studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms involved in protection against and immunity to TB in red deer.
Biography
Jobin Thomas completed his bachelor degree and Master degree in Veterinary Science from India. Currently he is pursuing PhD in bovine tuberculosis in IREC,
SaBio, UCLM, Spain. His area of research includes post mortem examination, diagnosis, vaccination and host immune response to M. bovis in red deer and wild
boar.
Jobin Thomas et al., J Vet Sci Technol 2017, 8:4(Suppl)
DOI: 10.4172/2157-7579-C1-024