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Dementia 2016
September 29-October 01, 2016
Volume 6 Issue 5(Suppl) J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 2016
ISSN:2161-0460 JADP, an open access journal
conferenceseries .com
September 29-October 01, 2016 London, UK
5th International Conference on
Alzheimer’s Disease & Dementia
Flodgren Gerd, J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism 2016, 6:5(Suppl)
Primary and secondary prevention interventions for cognitive decline and dementia - An overview
Flodgren Gerd
National Institute of Public Health, Norway
Background: The prevalence of dementia, including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), is increasing due to the aging of the world’s
population. As there is no cure for dementia, there is a great need to identify effective interventions to delay or prevent its onset.
Methods: We searched eight databases from inception and up to January 2016. We included high quality systematic reviews
of any intervention that included people who were either cognitively healthy or had mild cognitive impairment, We used
standard review methods with independent screening, assessment and data extraction.
Results: We identified eight eligible reviews. Five reviews involved interventions (blood pressure or cholesterol lowering
drugs, Omega 3 FAs, cognitive training, and aerobic training) targeting cognitively healthy people. Three reviews concerned
interventions (cholinesterase inhibitors, Omega 3 FAs, and vitamin E) targeting people with mild cognitive impairment. High
to moderate certainty of evidence from seven of these reviews suggest that neither the pharmacological interventions, nor any
of the nutritional supplements evaluated are effective in delaying or preventing cognitive decline, dementia or AD. The effects
of aerobic training on cognition are uncertain, due to low to very low quality of evidence from one review. Moderate evidence
from one review suggest that computerised cognitive training may lead to a small short-term improvement in cognitive
function.
We found no reviews of interventions to promote other healthy lifestyle changes, e.g. conversion to a healthy diet, decreased
alcohol intake, smoking cessation, etc., or addressing other risk factors for dementia, e.g. depression, lack of social interaction,
and low educational attainment.
Conclusion: Evidence from systematic reviews of effective interventions to prevent cognitive decline, AD and dementia are
lacking. Only single faceted interventions have been evaluated in systematic reviews. Due to the multifactorial aetiology of
dementia, interventions addressing more than one modifiable risk factor may be needed.
Biography
Flodgren has a PhD in Sports Medicine from Umeå University, Sweden. He has for the last eight years worked in the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation
of care group, first at the Univeristy of Newcastle, and the last five years at Oxford University. She is the first author of a number of Cochrane systematic reviews.