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Volume 6
Journal of Neurological Disorders
ISSN: 2329-6895
CNS 2018
November 12-13, 2018
November 12-13, 2018 | Edinburgh, Scotland
4
th
International Conference on
Central Nervous System Disorders & Therapeutics
Microbial dysbiosis and probiotic treatment in a genetic model of autism spectrum disorders
Laure Tabouy
Bar-Ilan University, France
G
ut microbiome may influence brain development and behavior, mainly through the modulation of physiological
metabolism and the immune system. Recent studies have determined that the microbiome has direct effects on behavior,
and may be dysregulated in neurodevelopmental conditions. Considering that neurodevelopmental conditions such as autism
have a strong genetic etiology, it is necessary to understand if genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as
Shank3
, can influence the gut microbiome, and if probiotics can be a therapeutic tool. Using 16S high-throughput sequencing,
we have determined the gut microbiome community of the
Shank3
KO mouse model, and its relative controls. In this study,
we have identified dysregulation of several genera and species of bacteria in both the gut and colon of
Shank3
KO mice, in
addition to a sex-dependent dysregulation of the immune system.
L. reuteri
, a species with decreased relative abundance in
the
Shank3
KO mice, positively correlated with the expression of GABA receptor subunits in the brain. Treatment of
Shank3
KO mice with
L. reuteri
induced an attenuation of unsocial behavior and a decrease in repetitive behaviors, in males and
just decrease in repetitive behaviors in females, without affecting anxiety.
L. reuteri
treatment also induced an increase in
GABA receptor expression in multiple brain regions, and affected serum immune system markers. This study has confirmed
that genetic differences associated with autism can induce changes in the microbiota profile. In addition, this study identifies
bacterial species that are sensitive to an autism-related mutation, and further suggests a therapeutic potential for probiotic
treatment.
laure.tabouy@gmail.comJ Neurol Disord 2018, Volume 6
DOI: 10.4172/2329-6895-C9-050