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Euro Biotechnology 2016
November 07-09, 2016
Volume 6, Issue 7(Suppl) J Biotechnol Biomater
ISSN: 2155-952X JBTBM, an open access journal
conferenceseries .com
November 07-09, 2016 Alicante, Spain
12th Euro Biotechnology Congress
J Biotechnol Biomater 2016, 6:7(Suppl)
Integration of SINA gene for drought tolerance in Moroccan durum wheat by biolistic approach
Driss Iraqi1, Chaimae Senhaji1,2, Ahansal Khadija1,2, Rabha Abdelwahd1, Sripada M Udupa3 and Allal Douira2
1National Institute of Agronomic Research, Morocco
2Univeristy of Ibn Tofail, Morocco
3International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Morocco
In this study, the effect of nitrogen source in the induction media and the nature of phytohormone in the regeneration
media on the genetic transformation efficiency were studied. Mature embryos of three Moroccan durum wheat varieties
(Amria, Marouane and Isly) and the pANIC5E plasmid were used. This plasmid contained the SINA gene linked to drought
tolerance and bar gene as selectable marker. Two different induction media cultures have been tested: MS and Modified MS
with ammonium nitrate as a single source of nitrogen. The effect of phytohormones AIA or Zeatinon the regeneration media
were also tested. The results showed an important embryogenic callus induction for both media without a significant difference
for the three varieties tested with an average of 72% for MS medium and 67% for modified MS. Plantlets regeneration rate
after the bombardment was affected by the nature of phytohormones used; Medium with Zeatin induced the highest rate of
regenerated plantlets for Isly and Merouane varieties with an average of 40% and 32% respectively, against 18% and 12% with
the AIA auxin. However, Amria has shown an average of 27% with the AIA and 18% with Zeatin. Evaluation of the expression
of the bar gene in leaves by basta painting and molecular analysis are underway.
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation of melilot in Northern Kazakhstan
Galiya Akhmetova and Galina Churkina
A.I. Barayev Scientific Production Centre for Grain Farming, Kazakhstan
It is known that deficiency of nitrogen in the soil can to a large extent be compensated for by biological means, from stocks
of nitrogen in the soil which have been accumulated by nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. The symbiotic nitrogen fixation
is done by strains of bacteria of the genus Rhizobium, isolated from nodules of melilot and genetic identification of bacteria
was conducted by 16S RNA. On the basis of the selected bacteria strains inoculum was created for the pre-seed treatment of
20 samples of melilot. For this purpose liquid yeast extract was placed in a flask with biomass of the genus bacteria Rhizobium
and incubated on a shaker at 24 °C until the optimal titer. Research on the study of nitrogen fixation was conducted on
southern black carbonate soil in the period from 2015 to 2016 at the stationary field A.I. Barayev SPCGF. In the flowering
phase of different varieties samples of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., and Melilotus wolgicus Poir., 10 plants with inoculation and
without inoculation (control) were identified from each plot and the numbers of nodules formed were counted. Calculations
of symbiotic nitrogen fixation were carried out by comparison with the non-legume crop. As a result of these studies, it was
found that the highest nitrogen fixation was in crops of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., (from inoculation) in 5 samples KD-1824,
KD-1825, KD-1683, KD-1683a and KD-1823. The controls exceeded an average of 1.2-3%. In crops of Melilotus wolgicus Poir.,
a high nitrogen fixation in comparison to the control (no inoculation) was observed in the samples: KD-1687 (92.3%) and
KD-1823 (88.9%). In other cases, molecular nitrogen fixation was negligible. The most promising examples of the Melilotus
wolgicusPoir., are KD-1687, KD-1823 and Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., KD-1824, KD-1683, KD-1683a with the most symbiotic
potential, which will be studied for further research in the selection process.