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Volume 8
Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System
Gastroenterology Congress 2018
August 06-07, 2018
August 06-07, 2018 Osaka, Japan
14
th
Annual Congress on
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
J Gastrointest Dig Syst 2018, Volume 8
DOI: 10.4172/2161-069X-C4-074
Hepatotoxicity and related risk factors of severe hepatotoxicity among HIV-1 infected individuals
initiated on highly active antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon
Lem Edith Abongwa
1,2,3
, Anthony Kebira Nyamache
2
, Fokunang Charles
4
, Judith Torimiro
3,4
, Nshom Emmanuel
5
, Irénée Domkam
3
and Paul Okemo
2
1
University of Bamenda, Cameroon
2
Kenyatta University, Kenya
3
Chantal Biya International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management, Cameroon
4
University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon
5
Mbingo Baptist Hospital, Cameroon
Introduction & Aim:
Hepatotoxicity due to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) has gained prominent attention
since it can be affected by many factors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatotoxicity and related
risk factors of severe hepatotoxicity following HAART initiation.
Methods:
One hundred (100) naive HIV-1 patients were recruited and followed up for 24 weeks. They were placed on
either Tenofovir (TDF)+Lamivudine (3TC)+Efavirenz (EFV) or Zidovudine (AZT)+Lamivudine+Nevirapine (NVP) or
Zidovudine+Lamivudine+Efavirenz regimen. Venous blood samples were collected to measure trans-aminotransferases (ALT
and AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), using colometric enzymatic reaction which were used to classified hepatotoxicity
based on age and sex.
Results:
A total of 38 (38%) and 55 (55%) patients presented with hepatotoxicity while 15% and 28% of patients of them had
severe hepatotoxicity at 4 and 24 weeks respectively. Serum levels of all enzymes increased significantly (p<0.05) with increased
treatment duration. Univariate analysis revealed that the risk factor of developing severe hepatotoxicity was significantly
(p<0.05) greater in patients <30 years, males, low BMI, low monthly income earners and patient on AZT+3TC+NVP regimen.
While multivariate analysis showed that age <30 years, Low BMI, low monthly income and the use of AZT+3TC+NVP was an
independent risk factor.
Conclusion:
Low BMI, <30 years, low monthly income and the use of AZT+3TC+NVP regimen were identifiable risk factors
for the development of severe hepatotoxicity. As such these factors should be considered as an important strategy by clinicians
in preventing the hepatotoxicity.
lemedith19@gmail.com